Adobe Products Could Allow For Arbitrary Code Execution

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Fortify Security Team

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Aug 19, 2021

Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Adobe Media Encoder, Adobe Bridge, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe XMP Toolkit SDK, and Adobe Captivate, the most severe of which could allow for arbitrary code execution.

Adobe Media Encoder is software that provides media content over the internet
Adobe Bridge is a digital asset management application
Adobe Photoshop is a graphics editor
Adobe XMP Toolkit SDK is a development kit for Adobe’s Extensible Metadata Platform
Adobe Captivate is a tool for creating e-learning content

Successful exploitation of the most severe of these vulnerabilities could allow for arbitrary code execution in the context of the logged on user. Depending on the privileges associated with the user, an attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights. Users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than those who operate with administrative user rights.

THREAT INTELLIGENCE:

There are currently no reports of these vulnerabilities being exploited in the wild.

SYSTEMS AFFECTED:

Adobe Captivate 11.5.5 and earlier versions
Adobe XMP-Toolkit-SDK 2020.1 and earlier versions
Adobe Photoshop 2020 21.2.10 and earlier versions
Adobe Photoshop 2021 22.4.3 and earlier versions
Adobe Bridge 11.1 and earlier versions
Adobe Media Encoder 15.4 and earlier versions

RISK:
Government:

Large and medium government entities: High
Small government entities: Medium

Businesses:

Large and medium business entities: High
Small business entities: Medium

Home users: Low

TECHNICAL SUMMARY:

Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Adobe Media Encoder, Adobe Bridge, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe XMP Toolkit SDK, and Adobe Captivate, the most severe of which could allow for arbitrary code execution. Details of these vulnerabilities are as follows:

Eleven arbitrary code execution vulnerabilities exist when Adobe accesses a memory location after the end of a buffer (CVE-2021-36046, CVE-2021-36049, CVE-2021-36052, CVE-2021-36059, CVE-2021-36067, CVE-2021-36068, CVE-2021-36069, CVE-2021-36070, CVE-2021-36076, CVE-2021-36077, CVE-2021-36078)
Six arbitrary code execution vulnerabilities exist due a to a buffer overflow (CVE-2021-36050, CVE-2021-36051, CVE-2021-36054, CVE-2021-36057, CVE-2021-36065, CVE-2021-36073, CVE-2021-36075)
Four application denial-of-service vulnerabilities exist (CVE-2021-36053, CVE-2021-36054, CVE-2021-36055, CVE-2021-36056)
Two arbitrary code execution vulnerabilities exist due to improper input validation (CVE-2021-36047, CVE-2021-36048)
Two arbitrary code execution vulnerabilities exist due to an out-of-bounds write (CVE-2021-36066, CVE-2021-36072)
One arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists due to a buffer underwrite (CVE-2021-36064)
One arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists due to an integer overflow (CVE-2021-36058)
One arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists due to an out-of-bounds read (CVE-2021-36079)
One memory leak vulnerability exists due to an out-of-bounds read (CVE-2021-36074)
One privilege escalation vulnerability exists when Adobe Captivate creates a temporary file in a directory with incorrect permissions (CVE-2021-36002)
Two arbitrary file system read vulnerabilities exist due to an out-of-bounds read (CVE-2021-36071, CVE-2021-36079)

Successful exploitation of the most severe of these vulnerabilities could allow for arbitrary code execution in the context of the logged on user. Depending on the privileges associated with the user, an attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights. Users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than those who operate with administrative user rights.

RECOMMENDATIONS:

We recommend the following actions be taken:

Apply appropriate patches provided by Adobe to vulnerable systems immediately after appropriate testing.
Run all software as a non-privileged user (one without administrative privileges) to diminish the effects of a successful attack.
Inform and educate users regarding the threats posed by hypertext links contained in emails or attachments especially from un-trusted sources.
Apply the Principle of Least Privilege to all systems and services

REFERENCES:

Adobe:
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/security-bulletin.html
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/media-encoder/apsb21-70.html
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/bridge/apsb21-69.html
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/photoshop/apsb21-68.html
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/xmpcore/apsb21-65.html
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/captivate/apsb21-60.html

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